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Julia Alvarez
Through
the mediums of poetry and prose, Julia Alvarez recreates the feelings
of loss she experienced after her immigration to the United States,
when she was ten years Old. Although born in New York City, she
spent her early years in the Dominican Republic until political
insurrection forced the Alvarez family to flee the country. After
their arrival in New York city, she and her sisters struggled to
find their place in a new world, an experience that the writer now
uses as a starting point for her exploration of culture. Her most
notable work, the critically acclaimed How the Garcia Girl lost
their Accents, fictionally discuss being torn between two cultures
and the hardships faced by her immigrant family. The culminations
of many years of effort, the fifteen stories that make up the novel
feature numerous memorable characters and offer entertaining insights.
Hispanic women particularly find that How the Garcia Lost Their
Accents voices many of their own concerns.
"Although I
was raised in the Dominican Republic by Dominican parents in an
extended Dominica family, mine was an American childhood" Alvarez
noted in American Scholar. According to the writer, her father's
once-wealthy family had supported the wrong political faction during
the revolution; because her mother's parents, on the other hand,
benefited from their support of the political victors, Alvarez and
her parents lived on her mother's family compound. Life among so
many relatives was somewhat communal; the writer and her sisters
were raised alongside their cousins by her mother, maids, and many
aunts. While seemingly an ideal arrangement, Alvarez's grandmother
made life difficult for her daughter and son in law, a doctor who
ran the nearby hospital and whom the revolution had now reduced
to poverty.
Although not
as well off as her relatives, Alvarez did not feel inferior. After
all, she had born in America, something that none of her cousins
was allowed to forget. While extravagances like shopping trips to
America were beyond their financial means, her family was highly
influenced by American attitudes and goods. If her mother could
not buy her daughters American clothing, she made sure that Alvarez
and her sisters were as fashionable as their cousins. The children
ate American food, attended an American school, and, for a special
treat ate ice cream from an American ice parlor. American cars were
bought, shopping was done at American-owned stores, and American
appliances were flaunted in the compound. The entire extended family
was obsessed with America; to the children it was a fantasyland.
Actually, her
family's association with the United States may have saved her father's
life. The members of her mother's family were respected because
of their ties with America. Alvarez's uncles had all attended Ivy
League colleges and her grandfather was a cultural attach„ to the
United Nations. The brutal dictator of the Dominican Republic, Rafael
Leonidas Trujillo Molina, would not dare to victimize a family with
such strong American ties; he made no move against their wealth
and hesitated to struggle with them for political reasons. But when
Alvarez's father secretly joined the insurrectionists attempting
to oust Trujillo, the police began surveillance of the compound.
In 1960, just as they were preparing to apprehend him, an American
agent warned the doctor in time for him to usher his family into
an airplane headed out of the country." All my childhood I had dressed
like an American, eaten American foods and befriended American children",
Alvarez wrote in American Scholar, describing the scene as their
plane finally landed in her fantasy land" I had gone to an American
school and spent most of the day speaking and reading English. At
night, my prayers were full of blond hair and blue eyes and snow·all
my childhood I had longed for this moment of arrival. And here I
was, an American girl, coming home at last"
Alvarez's "homecoming"
was not what she expected it to be. Although she was thrilled to
be in the United States, she soon faced homesickness, feelings of
alienation, and prejudice. She missed her cousins, her family's
large home in the compound, and the respect accorded to her family
name in the Dominican Republic. Alvarez, her parents, and her sisters
squeezed themselves and their possessions into a tiny apartment.
As she related to Brujula Compass, the experience was emotionally
crushing. " The feeling of loss caused a radical change in me. It
made me an introverted little girl." She became an avid reader,
immersing herself in books and, eventually, writing. Alvarez went
to college, earning and undergraduate and graduate degrees in literature
and writing.
By 1987 she
was hard at work on a collection of stories; the 290-page How The
Garcia Girls lost their Accents" was published in 1991, to considerable
critical attention. The previous decade had seen a surge of ethnic
novels, of which Garcia Girls came to be known as an exemplary example
of this new literary genre.
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